Bunions and Hammer Toes

Definition

Hallux valgus is an irregular deviation of the big toe toward the second toe. This misalignment, which occurs mostly in women, causes the formation of a bony protrusion commonly known as “bunion”. Hammer toes are an irregular contracture or bending of toes.

This deformation of the bone can appear at any age, worsen over time, and become more noticeable.

Hammer toes (also known as claw toe) are a common and progressive digital deformation.

Generally, bunions and hammer toes are attributable to a structural defect in the foot (i.e., flat feet, high-arched feet). Inappropriate shoes can worsen these conditions. Certain inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, are also associated to these two conditions.

Symptoms

The possible symptoms are:

• Pain;
• Inflammation and erythema;
• Burning sensation;
• Numbness;
• Localized arthrosis;
• Difficulty putting shoes on;

Wearing high-heeled or ill-fitted shoes or shoes that are too tight in the front generally causes pain to appear. Women are most affected by this condition.

Treatment

To treat bunions or hammer toes, the podiatrist may provide simple advice on the appropriate shoes to wear. Surgery may sometimes be recommended. In most cases, the wear of appropriate orthoses relieves pain and prevents the conditions from worsening.